Learn how to talk about frequency
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Upper Beginner, season 1, lesson 14, You Should Read This Famous Polish Book! I’m Brandon. |
| Marzena: And I’m Marzena. |
| Brandon: In this lesson you'll learn how to express frequency. |
| Marzena: This conversation takes place at the library. |
| Brandon: It’s between Tom and Jane. |
| Marzena: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Polish. |
| Brandon: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Tom: Czytasz książki? |
| Jane: Pewnie! |
| Tom: Jak często? |
| Jane: Czytam książki codziennie. |
| Tom: Jestem pod wrażeniem. Lubisz polskie czy zagraniczne książki? |
| Jane: I jedne i drugie. Teraz czytam Sapkowskiego. |
| Tom: Pożyczysz mi jak skończysz? |
| Jane: Nie ma problemu. |
| Brandon: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Tom: Czytasz książki? |
| Jane: Pewnie! |
| Tom: Jak często? |
| Jane: Czytam książki codziennie. |
| Tom: Jestem pod wrażeniem. Lubisz polskie czy zagraniczne książki? |
| Jane: I jedne i drugie. Teraz czytam Sapkowskiego. |
| Tom: Pożyczysz mi jak skończysz? |
| Jane: Nie ma problemu. |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Tom: Czytasz książki? |
| Brandon: Do you read books? |
| Jane: Pewnie! |
| Brandon: Sure! |
| Tom: Jak często? |
| Brandon: How often? |
| Jane: Czytam książki codziennie. |
| Brandon: I read books every day. |
| Tom: Jestem pod wrażeniem. Lubisz polskie czy zagraniczne książki? |
| Brandon: I'm impressed. Do you like Polish or foreign books? |
| Jane: I jedne i drugie. Teraz czytam Sapkowskiego. |
| Brandon: Both. Now I'm reading Sapkowski. |
| Tom: Pożyczysz mi jak skończysz? |
| Brandon: Will you lend it to me when you finish? |
| Jane: Nie ma problemu. |
| Brandon: No problem. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: What was that Polish name from the dialogue again? |
| Marzena: Ah yes, it was Andrzej Sapkowski |
| Brandon: Who is he? |
| Marzena: He’s one of the most popular Polish fantasy writers. |
| Brandon: Are his books available in other languages? |
| Marzena: Yes, they were translated into 15 languages including English, Spanish, French, Russian, German and more. |
| Brandon: Are any of his books really famous in Poland? |
| Marzena: Hmm, definitely the series called The Witcher, which in Polish is Wiedźmin. It’s his best-selling series to date and probably every Pole knows this title, even if they haven’t read it. It’s a collection of short stories that take the reader on an adventure. What’s very interesting is it was influenced heavily by Slavic mythology. |
| Brandon: So if you’re a fan of adventure and fantasy books, you should definitely check it out! Okay, now let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| Vocab list |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Marzena: czytać [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to read |
| Marzena: czytać [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: czytać [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: często [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: often |
| Marzena: często [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: często [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: codziennie [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: every day |
| Marzena: codziennie [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: codziennie [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: książka [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: book |
| Marzena: książka [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: książka [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: wrażenie [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: impression, sensation |
| Marzena: wrażenie [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: wrażenie [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: zagraniczny [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: foreign |
| Marzena: zagraniczny [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: zagraniczny [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Marzena: pożyczać [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to lend, to borrow |
| Marzena: pożyczać [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: pożyczać [natural native speed] |
| And Last: |
| Marzena: kończyć [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to finish |
| Marzena: kończyć [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: kończyć [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Marzena, what’s our first word? |
| Marzena: It’s zagraniczny. |
| Brandon: Which means “foreign”. |
| Marzena: It’s a masculine adjective. If you need a feminine form, it’s zagraniczna and neuter is zagraniczne. |
| Brandon: Let’s hear them again. Listeners, repeat after Marzena. |
| Marzena: zagraniczny (pause)... zagraniczna (pause).... zagraniczne |
| Brandon: (pause) Can you give us a sample sentence please? |
| Marzena: Of course. Here’s a simple one - Nie lubię zagranicznej muzyki |
| Brandon: meaning “I don’t like foreign music”. |
| Marzena: Other words and phrases that are related to zagraniczny are the noun zagranica. |
| Brandon: meaning “abroad” or “foreign land” |
| Marzena: and za granicą |
| Brandon: Which literally means “behind the border” but in more natural English is “abroad”. |
| Marzena: The next word we will talk about is - wrażenie. |
| Brandon: Which means “impression” or “sensation”. |
| Marzena: There’s a very common phrase that makes use of this neuter noun - być pod wrażeniem. |
| Brandon: Meaning “to be impressed with” |
| Marzena: For example, Jestem pod wrażeniem twojej pracy. |
| Brandon: “I’m impressed with your work.” |
| Marzena: Another phrase with the noun is robić na kimś dobre wrażenie. |
| Brandon: meaning “to make a good impression” |
| Marzena: or the opposite robić na kimś złe wrażenie |
| Brandon: meaning “to made a bad impression” |
| Marzena: If you want, you can replace dobry or zły with another appropriate adjective |
| Brandon: More examples of those, as well as sample sentences, can be found in the lesson notes, so be sure to check them out. Now it’s time to move onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Brandon: In this lesson, we’re going to learn about how to express frequency. |
| Marzena: In lesson 10, we talked about adverbs of frequency. Listeners, do you remember? In this lesson, we will use different words. |
| Brandon: What are those words? |
| Marzena: Let’s start with codziennie, which ends with an “ie” |
| Brandon: And it means “every day” |
| Marzena: It derives from the adjective codzienny, which sounds similar, but ends with a “y”. |
| Brandon: And it also means “everyday,” but in an adjective sense. |
| Marzena: If you put it in a sentence, it will look like this - Codziennie czytam książki. |
| Brandon: meaning “I read books every day.” |
| Marzena: Another way to talk about frequency are phrases like co wieczór, meaning “every evening” and co noc, meaning “every night”. As you heard, these start with the same word, co. |
| Brandon: And in this case it can be translated as “every”. |
| Marzena: You can put it together with the names of the days of the week or months. For example, co miesiąc. |
| Brandon: Meaning “every month” |
| Marzena: co piątek |
| Brandon: Meaning “every Friday” |
| Marzena: If we put it a sentence, it will go like this - Co dwa lata jeżdzę na wakacje za granicę. |
| Brandon: “Every two years I go on holiday abroad.” |
| Marzena: Another way you can talk about frequency is with the pronoun każdy. |
| Brandon: which literally means “every” |
| Marzena: and you can use it with words about the time of the day. But a very important thing to remember is that they have to be in the genitive form, for example - każdego ranka. |
| Brandon: Meaning “every morning” |
| Marzena: Here it is in a sentence - Każdego ranka wychodzę z moim psem na spacer. |
| Brandon: “Every morning I go for a walk with my dog.” |
| Marzena: There’s one more variation with the word każdy. When you combine it with a day of the week, all the forms have to be in the accusative case, and the pronoun w has to be added, for example - w każdą niedzielę. |
| Brandon: Meaning “on every Sunday” |
| Marzena: Now in a sentence - W każdą niedzielę moja rodzina je razem obiad. |
| Brandon: “Every Sunday my family eats dinner together.” Well, that’s all for this lesson. |
Outro |
|---|
| Marzena: Make sure to check the lesson notes for more sample sentences and information about the word każdy. |
| Brandon: Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. Bye! |
| Marzena: |
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