Learn how to use Polish adverbs of time
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Upper Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 11 - This Orange Stone Makes the Best Polish Souvenir! I’m Brandon. |
| Marzena: And I’m Marzena. |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use Polish adverbs. |
| Marzena: This conversation takes place at a shopping mall. |
| Brandon: It’s between Tom and Jane. |
| Marzena: The speakers are friends, so they’ll be using informal Polish. |
| Brandon: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Tom: Mam prośbę. Muszę jutro kupić mamie prezent, ale nie wiem co. |
| Jane: Może biżuterię z bursztynem? |
| Tom: Bursztyn to ten pomarańczowy kamień? |
| Jane: Tak, jest bardzo piękny, szczególnie ze srebrem. Na pewno spodoba się twojej mamie. |
| Tom: Dzięki za radę |
| Brandon: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Tom: Mam prośbę. Muszę jutro kupić mamie prezent, ale nie wiem co. |
| Jane: Może biżuterię z bursztynem? |
| Tom: Bursztyn to ten pomarańczowy kamień? |
| Jane: Tak, jest bardzo piękny, szczególnie ze srebrem. Na pewno spodoba się twojej mamie. |
| Tom: Dzięki za radę |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Tom: Mam prośbę. Muszę jutro kupić mamie prezent, ale nie wiem co. |
| Brandon: I have a favor to ask. I have to buy a present for my mom tomorrow, but I don't know what. |
| Jane: Może biżuterię z bursztynem? |
| Brandon: How about some jewelry with amber? |
| Tom: Bursztyn to ten pomarańczowy kamień? |
| Brandon: Amber is that orange stone? |
| Jane: Tak, jest bardzo piękny, szczególnie ze srebrem. Na pewno spodoba się twojej mamie. |
| Brandon: Yes, it's very beautiful, especially with silver. Your mom will like it for sure. |
| Tom: Dzięki za radę. |
| Brandon: Thanks for the advice. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Marzena: Do you know how to say Amber in Polish Brandon? |
| Brandon: I don’t. but I’m sure you are going to tell us. |
| Marzena: It is “bursztyn. It’s a precious stone in many European countries used to make decorative objects, jewelry, and even some medical products. |
| Brandon: Is amber expensive in Poland? |
| Marzena: It depends. If you go to the seaside, you’ll find lots of shops selling amber products, especially jewelry, at a reasonable price. The most expensive are those that have something embedded in the stone. |
| Brandon: It sounds like amber’s a good souvenir from Poland. |
| Marzena: I think so. Many tourists buy amber jewelry because it’s rather cheap compared to the other European countries. |
| Brandon: To find out more about this precious stone… |
| Marzena: ...check out the lesson notes. |
| Brandon: Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Marzena: kupować [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: buy |
| Marzena: kupować [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: kupować [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: wiedzieć [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to know |
| Marzena: wiedzieć [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: wiedzieć [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: biżuteria [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: jewelry |
| Marzena: biżuteria [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: biżuteria [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: bursztyn [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: amber |
| Marzena: bursztyn [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: bursztyn [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: pomarańczowy [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: orange (color) |
| Marzena: pomarańczowy [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: pomarańczowy [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: srebro [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: silver |
| Marzena: srebro [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: srebro [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Marzena: kamień [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: stone |
| Marzena: kamień [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: kamień [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Marzena: rada [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: advice |
| Marzena: rada [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: rada [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Marzena, what’s our first word? |
| Marzena: It’s Srebro. |
| Brandon: Which means “silver.” |
| Marzena: This is a neuter noun that can be changed into an adjective to describe something of a silver color or made from silver, which is srebrny. |
| Brandon: For example, “silver ring.” |
| Marzena: Srebrny pierścionek. |
| Brandon: Or when talking about a color, a “silver car.” |
| Marzena: Srebrny samochód. |
| Brandon: Both the noun and adjective can be used to talk about medals, right? |
| Marzena: They can! The proper way is to say srebrny medal. |
| Brandon: “Silver medal.” |
| Marzena: But Poles very often shorten it to a simple srebro, like in this sentence: Drużyna siatkarska zdobyła srebro. |
| Brandon: “The volleyball team won the silver.” |
| Marzena: The next word I want to tell you about is kamień. |
| Brandon: “Stone.” |
| Marzena: This is another noun that is used in a few fun sayings. |
| Brandon: Let’s hear the most common ones. |
| Marzena: Kamień spadł komuś z serca. |
| Brandon: This literally means “a stone fell off one’s heart.” |
| Marzena: You use it to express relief, such as when you were worried about something and it turned out to be okay, or when a difficult problem was solved. |
| Brandon: That makes sense. What’s the next one? |
| Marzena: It’s Spać jak kamień, which literally means “to sleep like a stone.” |
| Brandon: Oh this one is pretty easy to understand! To sleep like a log? Very deeply? |
| Marzena: Exactly! And there’s one more that goes like this: trafiła kosa na kamień. |
| Brandon: Which literally means “scythe hit a stone.” |
| Marzena: To find out what that means, you’ll have to check the lesson notes! |
| Brandon: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Brandon: In this lesson, we’ll continue studying Polish adverbs. |
| Marzena: And we’ll focus on adverbs that relate to time and place. |
| Brandon: Let’s start with the first group. Listeners, Marzena will give you the Polish. Please repeat after her, and then I’ll give you the English translation. |
| Marzena: Ready? Here we go: dzisiaj. |
| Brandon: (pause) This means “Today.” |
| Marzena: Dziś. |
| Brandon: (pause) “Today.” |
| Marzena: Jutro. |
| Brandon: (pause) “Tomorrow.” |
| Marzena: Pojutrze. |
| Brandon: (pause) “The day after tomorrow.” |
| Marzena: Wczoraj. |
| Brandon: (pause) “Yesterday.” |
| Marzena: Przedwczoraj. |
| Brandon: (pause) “The day before yesterday.” |
| Marzena: As you can see, two different words stand for the English word “today.” |
| Brandon: Is there any difference between them? |
| Marzena: Not at all. It’s completely up to you. Use whichever you prefer, but of course it’s better to know both. |
| Brandon: Let’s practice using these adverbs by making some sentences. Marzena, can you give us some examples? |
| Marzena: Sure. Let’s say, Jutro mam egzamin na prawo jazdy. |
| Brandon: This means “Tomorrow I have a driving test.” |
| Marzena: Or here’s another example, Pojutrze wyjeżdzam za granicę. |
| Brandon: Meaning, “The day after tomorrow I’m going abroad.” |
| Marzena: Now let’s go through another set of adverbs. We’ll do it the same way as before. Listeners, be sure to repeat after me. Here we go - nigdzie. |
| Brandon: “Nowhere.” |
| Marzena: Wszędzie. |
| Brandon: “Everywhere.” |
| Marzena: Niedługo. |
| Brandon: “Soon.” |
| Marzena: Potem. |
| Brandon: “Later; then; afterwards.” |
| Marzena: Teraz. |
| Brandon: “Now.” |
| Marzena: Jeszcze. |
| Brandon: “Still; yet.” |
| Marzena: Już. |
| Brandon: “Already.” |
| Marzena: Okay, good job everyone. Now listeners, do you remember nigdy, the adverb from the last lesson.? |
| Brandon: ...it means “never”... |
| Marzena: And it requires the negation of the verb following it. The adverb nigdzie |
| Brandon: ...meaning “nowhere”... |
| Marzena: ...is exactly the same. |
| Brandon: Let’s have a look at some examples. |
| Marzena: Nigdzie nie mogę dostać tej książki. |
| Brandon: “I can’t get this book anywhere.” |
| Marzena: Here the verb is mogę and it’s negated by the word nie. Altogether, you’ll say nie mogę. |
Outro |
| Brandon: For more examples, please refer to the lesson notes. And that’s all for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. Bye! |
| Marzena: Bye. |
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