Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 24 - A Fanciful Polish Story. John here.
Marzena: Cześć. I'm Marzena.
John: In this lesson, you’ll review prepositions. The conversation takes place at home.
Marzena: It's between Mark and Alice.
John: The speakers are family members; therefore, they’ll speak informal Polish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Ala: Tato, tato, opowiedz mi coś na dobranoc.
Marek: Toż ty masz już 10 lat, Alu!
Ala: Ale tatusiu...
Marek: No dobrze. Dawno, dawno temu nieopodal Krakowa żył smok. Mieszkał on w jamie przy wielkim jeziorze u podnóża wzgórza Wawelskiego.
Marek: Mieszkańcy bardzo bali się tego smoka, dlatego co tydzień przynosili mu bydło i kładli je przed jego jamą.
Marek: A gdy się zdarzyło, że o tym zapomnieli, smok przychodził do miasta i pożerał przypadkowe ofiary.
Marek: Wielu próbowało go pokonać, ale nikomu się to nie udało. Aż pewnego dnia, pewien szewc o imieniu Dratewka postawił zmierzyć się ze smokiem.
Marek: Rozciął on owce, a do środka włożył siarkę. Potem położył te owce na trawie przed smoczą jamą i czekał.
Marek: Głodny smok wyszedł i zjadł wszystkie owce, jedną za drugą.
Marek: I nagle zachciało mu się bardzo pić. Wskoczył więc do jeziora i zaczął pić wodę. Nie minęło nawet kilka minut, gdy smok wypił całe jezioro i...
Ala: Wiem, i wybuchnął. Oj tatusiu, toż to nic nowego.
John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Alice: Dad, Dad, tell me a goodnight story.
Mark: Why? After all, you are already 10 Alice!
Alice: But Daddy...
Mark: Okay then. Once upon a time, near Krakow, lived a dragon. It lived in a dragon's lair near a big lake at the foot of the Wawel Hill.
Mark: Residents were really afraid of the dragon, so every week they brought him cattle and put it in front of his lair.
Mark: And when it happened that they had forgotten to do it, the dragon came to the town and devoured random victims.
Mark: Many tried to beat him but nobody succeeded. Until one day a shoemaker called Dratewka decided to face the dragon.
Mark: He cut sheep and put sulfur inside of them. Then he put the sheep on the grass in front of the dragon's lair, and he kept on waiting.
Mark: The hungry dragon came out and ate all the sheep, one by one.
Mark: Then suddenly he became very thirsty. He jumped into the lake and began to drink the water. Not even a few minutes had passed when he drank the whole lake and then...
Alice: Oh I know it, and then he exploded. Oh Daddy, after all it's nothing new.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
John: That’s an interesting bedtime story.
Marzena: You think so?
John: It had a dragon! It has to be good if it has dragons.
Marzena: That was actually a very famous Polish folktale, if not the most famous one.
John: Really? What’s it called?
Marzena: The Wawel dragon.
John: What are some other well-known folktales?
Marzena: There’s also the Polish Robin Hood, or Janosik.
John: I know this one! Like the English Robin Hood, he stole from the rich and gave to the poor.
Marzena: Right. But Janosik was said to have super powers that were given to him by three witches.
John: Okay, that’s different from the English Robin Hood!
Marzena: He was given three gifts by the witches: an alpenstock, a shirt, and a belt, but he was captured after he was betrayed by a girl who destroyed all three gifts.
John: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
John: Let’s look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is...
Marzena: toż [natural native speed]
John: after all, this
Marzena: toż [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: toż [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: tatuś [natural native speed]
John: daddy
Marzena: tatuś [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: tatuś [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: nieopodal [natural native speed]
John: close
Marzena: nieopodal [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: nieopodal [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: jama [natural native speed]
John: lair, cavity
Marzena: jama [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: jama [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: wzgórze [natural native speed]
John: hill
Marzena: wzgórze [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: wzgórze [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: podnóże [natural native speed]
John: foot
Marzena: podnóże [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: podnóże [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: pożreć [natural native speed]
John: to devour
Marzena: pożreć [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: pożreć [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: szewc [natural native speed]
John: shoemaker
Marzena: szewc [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: szewc [natural native speed]
John: Next we have...
Marzena: zmierzyć się [natural native speed]
John: to face
Marzena: zmierzyć się [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: zmierzyć się [natural native speed]
John: And last...
Marzena: wybuchnąć [natural native speed]
John: to explode
Marzena: wybuchnąć [slowly - broken down by syllable]
Marzena: wybuchnąć [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is...
Marzena: toż
John: meaning "after all." What can you tell us about this expression?
Marzena: Toż is actually the pronoun to, strengthened by the letter ż.
John: That pronoun means “this.”
Marzena: Right. Toż can be used to express amazement or to make a statement more old-fashioned.
John: Can you give us an example using this word?
Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Toż to tak nie może być!
John: ...which means "After all it cannot be like that!"
John: Okay, what's the next word?
Marzena: jama
John: meaning "lair." What can you tell us about this noun?
Marzena: It’s a feminine singular noun. It’s rarely used in the plural form.
John: What else can you tell us about it?
Marzena: The basic meaning of the noun jama is a "pit" or "hole" in ground.
John: So it can be used to refer to a “dragon lair.”
Marzena: Or an “oral cavity.”
John: Can you give us an example using this word?
Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Byłeś kiedyś w smoczej jamie na wawelu?
John: ...which means "Have you ever been in the Dragon Lair in Wawel?"
John: Okay, what's the next word?
Marzena: podnóże
John: meaning "foot." What can you tell us about this noun?
Marzena: It consists of the prefix pod-
John: This means “under.”
Marzena: Then we have nóże, which comes from noga, meaning "foot."
John: What type of “foot” does this refer to?
Marzena: The foot of a mountain.
John: Can you give us an example using this word?
Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, U podnóża Śnieżki zalega jeszcze śnieg.
John: ...which means "There is still snow at the foot of the Sniezka mountain."
John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

John: In this lesson, you'll review prepositions.
John: We’ll look at dynamic and static prepositions. Marzena, can you tell us the difference between these types of prepositions?
Marzena: Dynamic prepositions are used with verbs of movement.
John: What are static prepositions used with?
Marzena: They are are used with verbs like być, meaning “to be," or mieszkać, meaning “to live."
John: We’ll look at three prepositions in detail.
Marzena: The preposition do, meaning “to,” is a typical dynamic preposition. It’s used with the genitive case.
John: It can be used with sentences such as “I went to Germany.”
Marzena: Pojechałam do Niemiec. We can also use the preposition na, which usually is translated as “on,” but here it’ll have the same meaning as “to.”
John: This is used with the accusative case. We can also use it to say things like “Tomorrow I’m going to a birthday party.”
Marzena: Jutro idę na przyjęcie urodzinowe.
John: So, what’s the difference between the two prepositions?
Marzena: In general, do is used when the place where we’re going is smaller, like a house or school. Na, on the other hand, is used when the place is relatively bigger, like an airport or island.
John: What about with events, like a birthday?
Marzena: We use na. There are a few exceptions to these rules, though.
John: What about the third preposition?
Marzena: w, meaning “in," is a typical static preposition. It’s used with the locative case.
John: So you can use this to say something like “in the cinema.”
Marzena: Yes, that is w kinie. We use na for an event, but w for the place.
John: Let’s hear some example sentences.
Marzena: Jestem w szkole na zajęciach, ale potem idę do kolegi na urodziny.
John: “I’m in the school in classes, but later I’m going to my friend’s place for a birthday party.”
Marzena: Najpierw pojedziemy na boisko, a potem do restauracji.
John: “First we will go to the court and then to the restaurant.”
Marzena: Muszę jeszcze wstąpić na pocztę, a potem jadę do Marcina.
John: “I have to drop by the post office, and then I will go to Marcin’s place.”

Outro

John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Marzena: Cześć.

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