Review cases
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 22 - Getting a Refund in Poland. John here. |
| Marzena: Cześć. I'm Marzena. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll review cases. The conversation takes place at a shop. |
| Marzena: It's between a shop clerk and Monica. |
| John: The speakers are strangers in a customer service context; therefore, they’ll speak formal Polish. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Monika: Dzień dobry, wczoraj kupiłam u państwa tę sukienkę. Niestety okazało się, że jednak nie pasuje. |
| sprzedawca: Czy ma pani paragon? |
| Monika: Nie wzięłam paragonu, ale sukienka ma jeszcze metkę. O! Proszę! |
| sprzedawca: Muszę spytać się kierownika. Dlaczego chce pani ją zwrócić? |
| Monika: Niestety żadne z moich butów do niej nie pasują. Poza tym źle się w niej czuję. |
| sprzedawca: No dobrze, metka wygląda na nienaruszoną. |
| sprzedawca: Proszę podejść ze mną do kasy. Zwrócę pani należną kwotę. |
| Monika: Dziękuję, następnym razem postaram się kupić buty wraz z sukienką. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Monica: Hello, yesterday I bought this dress here. Sadly, it turned out that it does not fit. |
| Shop clerk: Do you have the receipt? |
| Monica: I didn't take the receipt but it’s still got the tag on it. Here, look! |
| Shop clerk: I will have to ask the manager. Why do you want to return it? |
| Monica: Unfortunately, none of my shoes match with it. Besides I feel bad in it. |
| Shop clerk: Well, the tag seems intact. |
| Shop clerk: Please come to the register with me. I will return the amount due to you. |
| Monica: Thank you, next time I will try to buy the shoes and dress together. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Monica returned a dress in this lesson’s conversation. |
| Marzena: Yes, she had several reasons to return it. |
| John: Thankfully the dress still had the label on, as she didn’t have the receipt anymore. |
| Marzena: It’s always best to keep the receipt! |
| John: Do Polish people often take defective goods back? |
| Marzena: Actually no, Polish people don’t like to throw things away. |
| John: So what do people do? Keep repairing things? |
| Marzena: Yes, they do. They’ll keep fixing something until it’s no longer fixable. |
| John: Is that something your family does too? |
| Marzena: Yeah, my mom is still using an oven she bought 30 years ago from a secondhand store. |
| John: Wow, that’s amazing! Do young people also fix things? |
| Marzena: Yes, they do. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: kupić [natural native speed] |
| John: to buy |
| Marzena: kupić [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: kupić [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: niestety [natural native speed] |
| John: unfortunately |
| Marzena: niestety [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: niestety [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: okazać się [natural native speed] |
| John: to turn out |
| Marzena: okazać się [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: okazać się [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: paragon [natural native speed] |
| John: receipt |
| Marzena: paragon [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: paragon [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: metka [natural native speed] |
| John: tag |
| Marzena: metka [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: metka [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: pasować [natural native speed] |
| John: to fit |
| Marzena: pasować [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: pasować [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: czuć się [natural native speed] |
| John: to feel |
| Marzena: czuć się [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: czuć się [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: nienaruszony [natural native speed] |
| John: intact |
| Marzena: nienaruszony [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: nienaruszony [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Marzena: zwrócić [natural native speed] |
| John: to return |
| Marzena: zwrócić [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: zwrócić [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Marzena: należny [natural native speed] |
| John: due |
| Marzena: należny [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Marzena: należny [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Marzena: pasować |
| John: meaning "to fit." What can you tell us about this verb? |
| Marzena: It’s an intransitive and imperfective verb. |
| John: When do we use this verb? |
| Marzena: It can be used when something fits something or someone. |
| John: It can also be used when something is similar to something else. |
| Marzena: Yes, we can use it to say that two people suit each other. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Pasuje ci piątek? |
| John: ...which means "Does Friday suit you?" |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Marzena: należny |
| John: meaning "due, something one should have or get." What can you tell us about this word? |
| Marzena: It’s an adjective that comes from the verb należeć. |
| John: This verb means “to belong to.” |
| Marzena: należeć is comprised of the prefix na- and the verb leżeć, "to lie down." |
| John: Can you use the adjective in formal and informal situations? |
| Marzena: Należny is a rather formal word, so it’s used in formal situations. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Marzena: Sure. For example, you can say, Osoby te protestują ze względu na brak należnych im praw. |
| John: ...which means "These people demonstrate because of the lack of their rights." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll review cases. |
| John: We’re not going to look at the different endings for cases, but instead when you use the cases. |
| Marzena: Remember, cases are for nouns and adjectives. |
| John: First is the nominative case. |
| Marzena: This is Mianownik in Polish. |
| John: It’s used for the subject of the main verb and for the subject of the verb “to be.” |
| Marzena: Yes. For example, Kasia już tego żałuje. |
| John: “Kate regrets it already.” It’s also used with “this is” and “those are.” |
| Marzena: To jest moja koleżanka. |
| John: “This is my friend.” Next is the genitive case. We use this case with “of," which includes possessives. |
| Marzena: Podoba mi się torebka mojej mamy. |
| John: “I like my mother’s bag.” It can also be used with several prepositions. |
| Marzena: Like do, dla, od, u, bez, and some others. Bez ciebie by mi się nie udało. |
| John: “I wouldn’t be able to do it without you.” There are several more instances where we could use this, and they are listed in the lesson notes. The next case is dative. |
| Marzena: This is Celownik. We can use this in sentences like Zrobiłem ci kawę.” |
| John: “I made a coffee for you.” |
| Marzena: Also, Komputer mi się zepsuł. |
| John: “My computer just broke on me.” Another case is the accusative case. |
| Marzena: This is Biernik. This is used with transitive verbs. Codziennie piję mleko. |
| John: “I drink milk every day.” It can also be used with the object of some verbs that are followed by prepositions. |
| Marzena: Lubię patrzeć na chmury. |
| John: “I like to look at clouds.” There’s also the instrumental case. |
| Marzena: This is Narzędnik. It’s used for several things, such as the means of something or the route. |
| John: It can also be used for actions with a body part. |
| Marzena: Uśmiechnięta machała ręką. |
| John: “With a smile, she was waving her hand.” There’s the locative case. |
| Marzena: This is Miejscownik, and it’s one of the easiest cases. You’ll find it in sentences like Połóż to przy lampie. |
| John: “Put it near the lamp.” |
| Marzena: Recently, a lot of Polish people use the nominative case instead of the vocative case. |
| John: When would it be used? |
| Marzena: We use the vocative with titles. Dzień dobry, pani Mario! |
| John: “Good morning, Ms. Mary!” |
| Marzena: It’s also used with diminutives when calling someone. Basiu! |
| John: “Barbara!” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Marzena: Cześć. |
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