Learn how to ask "When?" questions
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone, and welcome back to PolishPod101.com. This is Upper Beginner, Season 1, Lesson 6: Winter is Coming to Poland. I’m Brandon. |
| Marzena: And I’m Marzena. |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you'll learn how to ask "when" questions in Polish. |
| Marzena: This conversation takes place at a cafe. |
| Brandon: It’s between Tom and Jane. |
| Marzena: Since the speakers are friends, they’ll be using informal Polish. |
| Brandon: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Jane: Kiedy masz wolne? |
| Tom: W styczniu mam tydzień urlopu. |
| Jane: Świetnie! Zorganizujmy kulig! |
| Tom: I pieczenie kiełbasek! |
| Jane: Uwielbiam kiełbaski z ogniska! |
| Tom: No to ustalone! |
| Brandon: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Jane: Kiedy masz wolne? |
| Tom: W styczniu mam tydzień urlopu. |
| Jane: Świetnie! Zorganizujmy kulig! |
| Tom: I pieczenie kiełbasek! |
| Jane: Uwielbiam kiełbaski z ogniska! |
| Tom: No to ustalone! |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Jane: Kiedy masz wolne? |
| Brandon: When are you off? |
| Tom: W styczniu mam tydzień urlopu. |
| Brandon: In January, I have one week of holiday. |
| Jane: Świetnie! Zorganizujmy kulig! |
| Brandon: Great! Let's organize a sleigh ride! |
| Tom: I pieczenie kiełbasek! |
| Brandon: And grilling sausages! |
| Jane: Uwielbiam kiełbaski z ogniska! |
| Brandon: I love sausages grilled over the fire! |
| Tom: No to ustalone! |
| Brandon: So it's decided! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: This lesson’s dialogue takes place during the winter. Is winter very cold in Poland? |
| Marzena: It’s rather cold, but every year winter weather is different, so it’s difficult to predict. However, very often it’s frosty and snowy—a real winter—as we call it. |
| Brandon: Are there any special winter activities? |
| Marzena: Of course it depends on the person, but sleigh rides are very popular. In the past, they were always organized by schools and companies, and occurred in villages where farmers with a cart and horses were hired. The horses would pull a number of sleighs tied together with a rope. |
| Brandon: Wow, that sounds like fun! |
| Marzena: It is great fun! I’d recommend it to anyone who visits Poland in the winter! After the sleigh ride, bonfires are organized so that everyone can warm up and have a great dinner of bread, potatoes, and sausages. |
| Brandon: I’m already hungry. Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| : The first word we shall see is: |
| Joanna: mieć wolne [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to be off |
| Joanna: mieć wolne [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: mieć wolne [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Joanna: styczeń [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: January |
| Joanna: styczeń [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: styczeń [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Joanna: tydzień [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: week |
| Joanna: tydzień [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: tydzień [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Joanna: organizować [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to organize |
| Joanna: organizować [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: organizować [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Joanna: kulig [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: sleigh ride |
| Joanna: kulig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: kulig [natural native speed] |
| : And Last: |
| Joanna: ognisko [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: bonfire |
| Joanna: ognisko [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Joanna: ognisko [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Marzena, what’s our first word? |
| Marzena: Urlop. |
| Brandon: This means “vacation” or “leave.” |
| Marzena: Urlop, which refers to a holiday off from work, can be also called wolne. |
| Brandon: That literally translates as “free.” |
| Marzena: There are many phrases that use the noun urlop. |
| Brandon: Let’s go through them one by one. |
| Marzena: Brać urlop. |
| Brandon: “To take a vacation.” |
| Marzena: Iść na urlop. |
| Brandon: “To go on vacation.” |
| Marzena: Być na urlopie. |
| Brandon: “To be on leave.” |
| Marzena: There are also quite a few words describing leave from work, so let’s have a look at them too.The first one is urlop macierzyński. |
| Brandon: “Maternity leave.” |
| Marzena: Urlop płatny. |
| Brandon: “Paid vacation.” |
| Marzena: Urlop bezpłatny. |
| Brandon: “Unpaid vacation.” |
| Marzena: And urlop zdrowotny. |
| Brandon: “Sick leave.” |
| Marzena: Another word I want to tell you about is kiełbasa. |
| Brandon: This means “sausage” in English. |
| Marzena: In Poland, we eat a lot of sausages. They’re on sandwiches, grilled, roasted, and boiled. There are many different kinds of sausages, so let’s look at a couple of them. The first is kiełbasa wędzona. |
| Brandon: “Smoked sausage.” |
| Marzena: Kiełbasa podsuszana. |
| Brandon: “Slightly dried sausage.” |
| Marzena: For more types of sausages, be sure to check out the lesson notes. |
| Brandon: I bet our listeners just got hungry again! |
| Marzena: Don’t worry. We’ll have more topics about food! |
| Brandon: I can’t wait! Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use “when” questions. Marzena, how do we say “when” in Polish? |
| Marzena: It’s kiedy. Asking “when” questions is very easy in Polish, as long as you remember the question word itself and the necessary verbs. |
| Brandon: Let’s go through a few useful question patterns. |
| Marzena: Good idea. Probably the simplest kind of “when” question uses the verb być. |
| Brandon: Meaning “to be.” Hopefully you’ve already mastered its conjugation, because it’s crucial to forming a correct question. |
| Marzena: Just start with the question word, then add the correct form of the verb być, and finish with the object that you’re inquiring about. For example, Kiedy jest Dzień Matki? |
| Brandon: “When is Mother’s Day?” |
| Marzena: In this case, the answer will consist of the date only. It’s not necessary to try to make a complex answer. Just give the time, date, or time of day and so on. |
| Brandon: What if we want to ask someone about their birthday? |
| Marzena: Then we would say, Kiedy masz urodziny? |
| Brandon: “When is your birthday?” It literally means “When do you have your birthday?'” |
| Marzena: Then, for example, you can answer with 6 kwietnia. |
| Brandon: “On April 6th.” |
| Marzena: Of course when you use the third person or direct your question to a group of people, you need to conjugate the verb. For example, Kiedy Kasia wraca z USA? |
| Brandon: “When is Kasia coming back from the USA?” |
| Marzena: Or Kiedy mamy egzamin końcowy? |
| Brandon: “When do we have the final exam?” |
| Marzena: In all cases, it’s enough to just answer with the time of the event. |
| Brandon: You can also ask a more detailed question, right? |
| Marzena: Yes, by adding do or od. |
| Brandon: There are many translations for both words. The first can mean “until,” “till,” or “to,” and the second one can mean “from” or “since.” |
| Marzena: For example, Od kiedy mieszkasz w Polsce? |
| Brandon: “Since when have you lived in Poland?” |
| Marzena: Or Do kiedy mogę trzymać tę książkę? |
| Brandon: “Until when can I keep this book?” |
Outro |
| Brandon: Well, that’s all for this lesson. Don’t forget that you can leave us a message on this lesson’s page at PolishPod101.com if you have any questions or comments. |
| Marzena: That’s right. In the meantime, thanks for listening… |
| Brandon: And we’ll see you next time. Bye! |
| MARKETING PIECE |
| Brandon: Listeners, ever have any Polish language or lesson-related questions? |
| Marzena: Or maybe you have some feedback for us... |
| Brandon: Leave us a comment or ask a question on the lessons page! |
| Marzena: It's super simple. Go to PolishPod101.com... |
| Brandon: ...click on comments, |
| Marzena: ...enter your comment and name, |
| Brandon: ...and that's it! |
| Marzena: Commenting is a great way to practice writing and reading in Polish. |
| Brandon: It helps you learn faster. |
| Marzena: And it helps us get better through your feedback. |
| Brandon: No excuses. |
| Marzena: Go to PolishPod101.com, and comment now. |
| Brandon: NOW! |
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