Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

Let's take a closer look at the conversation.
Do you remember how Sasha asks,
"Excuse me, do you have salt?"
Przepraszam, czy jest sól?
First is przepraszam, meaning, “Excuse me.” Przepraszam. Przepraszam.
Next is czy, meaning something like "whether" in this context. Czy. Czy.
Next is jest, “is.” Jest. Jest.
Jest is from the verb być, “to be.” Być.
After that is sól, “salt.” Sól. Sól.
Together, czy jest sól? This literally means something like “whether [there] is salt?” but it translates as “Is there salt?” Or in more natural English, “Do you have salt?”
All together, Przepraszam, czy jest sól? "Excuse me, do you have salt?"
Przepraszam, czy jest sól?
Let's take a closer look at the response.
Do you remember how the shop clerk says,
“Yes, it’s here.”
Tak, jest tutaj.
This starts with tak, “yes.” Tak. Tak.
It answers Sasha's question,
Przepraszam, czy jest sól?
“Excuse me, do you have salt?”
Next is jest, “is,” as in [it] is.” Jest. Jest.
Note, the corresponding Polish word for [it] is omitted as it is understood from context.
Jest is from the verb być, “to be.” Być.
Last is the word tutaj, "here." Tutaj. Tutaj.
All together, it's Tak, jest tutaj. “Yes, it’s here.”
Tak, jest tutaj.
The pattern is
Czy jest ITEM?
Do you have ITEM?
Czy jest ITEM?
To use this pattern, simply replace the {ITEM} placeholder with the thing you’re looking for.
Imagine you’re looking for milk.
Mleko. “Milk.” Mleko. Mleko.
Say, “Do you have milk?”
Ready?
Czy jest mleko?
"Do you have milk?"
Czy jest mleko?
When asking for things, some items are put into the plural form, for example, eggs. Jajka. Jajka.
Jajka is the plural form of the neuter noun jajko, “egg.” Jajko. Jajko.
If an item is used in the plural form, the verb must agree with it.
Therefore when asking for something in the plural form, jest, “[it] is,” is replaced with są, “[they] are”. Są. Są.
For example,
Czy są jajka? “Do you have eggs?” Czy są jajka?
Note: są is the third person plural of the verb być, “to be.” Być.

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